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1.
Pinus taiwanensis is a species endemic to China. This study selected four typical plots of Pinus taiwanensis in the natural secondary forest around Macheng City, in order to reveal the characteristics of and the relationships between different diameter classes (determined based on the diameter at breast height or DBH), forest densities and species diversity, as well as the similarities of species diversity of different plots within the community. The result showed that Pinus taiwanensis was the dominant species in the community. The ratio of Pinus taiwanensis trees of diameter class IV reached a peak of 19.46% of the total followed by diameter class VII at 18.92%. The study recorded 156 species of vascular plants from 130 genera of 71 families; Pinus taiwanensis was the dominant species in the community. When the forest density was 1200 trees ha -1 with the largest average diameter of DBH=36.779±4.444 cm, the diversity (Shannon index H'=1.6716) and the evenness (Pielou index E=0.6727) of the tree layer was the highest. When the forest density reached 1525 trees ha -1 with the lowest average diameter of DBH=18.957±5.141 cm, the richness (Dma=5.4308), the diversity (H'=2.9612) and the evenness (E=0.8985) of all shrub layers climbed to the maximum. When the forest density was 1325 trees ha -1, the richness (Dma=5.8132), the diversity (H'=3.0697) and the evenness (E=0.9025) of all herb layers peaked. In terms of vertical structure, the average diversity indexes were herb layer>shrub layer>tree layer. High canopy density weakened light intensity in the community, causing a reduction in the species diversities of herbs and shrubs. The average similarity coefficient between the sample plots was 0.3356, which was at the medium dissimilarity level. External disturbances and improper management were major contributors to the low species diversity of the community. The implementation of scientific management measures is urgently needed to optimize the forest structures of Pinus taiwanensis, create a benign community environment, and promote species diversities and establish a stable forest community structure. 相似文献
2.
基于蚁群算法的城市可持续发展综合评价 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在可持续发展体系分类的基础上,应用蚁群算法对可持续发展各分类指数公式和综合指数公式进行优化,建立可持续发展评价模型。将该模型应用于乌鲁木齐市可持续发展水平评价,评价结果与现状分析一敛。结果表明该模型简单适用、有良好的通用性。 相似文献
3.
小直径组合桩的波浪力实验分析 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
本文给出小直径孤立桩、两个桩和2×2个桩的波浪作用力实验结果。在波浪水槽中以0°,45°,90°三个波浪方向测量了各桩所受的纵向力和横向力,文中讨论了组合桩之间的干扰效应,给出了干扰系数随KC数和桩距的变化。 相似文献
4.
东海虾类的生态群落与区系特征 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
有关东海的虾类,刘瑞玉(1959,1963,1964)、董聿茂(1959,1980,1986)等已做过大量的调查研究。近10多年来,由于东海传统的主要经济鱼类资源衰退,捕食虾类的鱼类减少,因此,使虾类生存空间扩大,这有利于虾类资源的繁衍生长,使虾类资源发生量增多,数量增长较快。东海区三省一市近几年虾类产量达到80×104~90×104t,其中浙江省为60×104~70×104t,拖虾作业已成为东海区一大作业方式,对促进海洋捕捞业的发展起重要作用。20世纪80年代中后期,我们开展了东海虾类资源开发调查,尔后又继续与拖虾生产船相结合进行监测调查,积累了一些资料,本文就东海虾类生态群落结构与区系特征进行探讨。 相似文献
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7.
利用2000年9月在杭州湾进行的原型水文泥沙测验所获取的648个悬沙粒度样品,进行了样品粒度统计分析,结果表明:在杭州湾测验区域,粒径为4.00~20.20μm的悬沙出现频率最高;悬沙的中值粒径值自东向西迅速增大;北岸海域悬沙的中值粒径值大于南岸海域悬沙的中值粒径值。 相似文献
8.
Joana F.M.F. Cardoso Johannes IJ. Witte Henk W. van der Veer 《Journal of Sea Research》2007,57(4):316-324
The bivalve Spisula subtruncata is usually abundant in shallow coastal waters along the Dutch coast. However, its biomass has been decreasing since 1995. In order to assess whether reproductive failure may be the cause of the observed decline over the last decades, the energy investment in reproduction of a population of S. subtruncata from central Dutch coastal waters was studied. The population studied consisted of individuals of up to four years old. Shell length reached maximum values of around 32 mm and individual total body, somatic and gonadal ash-free dry mass reached maximum values of about 278 mg AFDM, 252 mg AFDM and 76 mg AFDM, respectively. A clear seasonal cycle in somatic and gonadal mass was observed. Somatic and gonadal mass indices increased in early spring and reached maximum values during summer, followed by a decrease to minimum values at the beginning of the following year. Spawning was in June–July and settlement of spat seems to have occurred in July–August. Mean oocyte diameter was 57.43 ± 0.03 μm, corresponding to a volume of 98972 μm3. These results suggested that reproductive failure was not the cause of the current population decline. Most likely, unsuccessful settlement of spat and/or severe predation during the first months of life were responsible for the observed patterns. 相似文献
9.
There is the natural habitat of polyps of the common jellyfish Aurelia aurita in the Taniyama area, Kagoshima Bay. We examined the attachment substrata, density, colony structure and strobilation of
the polyps. The polyps were observed only on the horizontal undersurface of floating piers. They attached specifically to
Mytilus shells, solitary ascidians, calcareous polychaete tubes, muddy amphipod tubes and the gap space that fouling animals peeled
off the substrata. The polyp colonies were distributed in patches. Spatial distribution patterns of the polyps within their
colonies were uniform. Strobilation occurred during late December to March, when water temperatures were 16–17°C, and a large
number of ephyrae were released. An increase in man-made structures such as floating piers in coastal areas may lead to bloomings
of Aurelia aurita medusae.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
10.
基于蚁群智能的遥感影像分类新方法 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
智能式遥感分类是遥感研究的新热点.提出了一种基于蚁群智能规则挖掘(ant-miner)的遥感影像分类新方法.遥感数据各波段之间存在较强的相关性,这种相关性往往会导致分类产生误差.而ant-miner算法中的信息素是基于规则整体性能的,信息素的动态更新能有效地处理相关性较强的数据,所提供的正反馈信息能纠正启发式函数缺陷所造成的错误.因此,蚁群智能算法应用于遥感分类具有一定的优势.将该方法用于广州市地区的遥感影像,取得了较好的分类结果.并与See5.0决策树方法及最大似然方法(MLH)进行了对比研究,实验结果表明,蚁群智能算法分类精度比后两者的分类精度更高. 相似文献